Infant s Social Communication Using A Computer System

Another study done on social development was done by Skotheim et al. (2013). Thirty-nine mothers and their infants participated in the eight-week longitudinal study. The purpose of study was to examine infant’s social communication using a computer system. The mothers were asked to fill out a questionnaire to determine the relationship of the infants’ temperament and the mother’s depression. The examination began when the mother and the infant were both looking at each other eye-to-eye. The mothers were told to interact with their child like if they were not at the laboratory. The infant and the mother were videotaped and then shown the video. During the actual interaction time, the mother and the infant were evaluated on whether or not†¦show more content†¦A limitation that the study had was that the examiners did not take into consideration the mother’s behavior. Skotheim et al. (2013) discussed that if the behavior would have been taken into co nsideration, it would have included information about the mother’s acknowledgement to the infant while the examination was happening. Another limitation was that Skotheim et al. (2013) did not include mothers who were clinically diagnosed with depression. The mothers were only evaluated into sub-clinically depressed of non-depressed. Skotheim et al. (2013) concludes that the results showed that infants whose mothers were sub-clinically depressed had a lower gaze and affect than infants whose mothers were non-depressed. Both Skotheim et al. (2013) and Feldman et al. (2009) showed that infants of mothers who are depressed have an impact in the child’s focus and social skills. Feldman et al. (2009) also mentions that infants who are born to depressed mothers experience depression themselves in their life. Since they are at risk of experiencing depression, Feldman et al. (2009) suggests that further research should be done to provide them with early interventions. Skotheim et al. (2013) mentions that the results of the studies show the importance of infants being born to a mentally stable mother. Cognitive Domain of Development All of the developmental domains are important in a child’s life. They might not know it or understand it but

Motivational Factors Toward Pursuing a Career in Special...

This study investigated factors which motivated individuals to initially pursue careers in special education, factors which contributed toward their plans to remain or leave the field, and their perceptions of school districts effective and ineffective recruitment and retention practices. The sample comprised of 15 individuals employed in public schools throughout north Texas who initially pursued careers in special education. Data were collected through the form of audio-recorded semi-structured telephone interviews. Empathy towards students, family, and opportunities to fill job vacancies were factors that participants cited the most for initially pursuing careers in special education. Furthermore, most of the interviewees reported†¦show more content†¦Prevalent variables identified as contributors to the exodus from the field include occupational stress, burnout (Botwinik, 2007; Greiner Smith, 2006), weak support by administrators, unreasonable caseloads, large class siz e, low salaries (Darling-Hammond, 2003), testing and accountability pressures (Tye OBrien, 2002), and ineffective in-service programs (Kaufhold, Alverez, Arnold, 2006; Plash Piotrowski, 2006). A study conducted by Brownell, Smith, McNellis, and Lenk (1994) investigated the contextual variables related to teacher attrition. Findings indicated that those teachers who decided to stay in the field of special education were more committed to teaching students with disabilities, had a higher sense of efficacy, felt more prepared by their pre-service and initial teaching experiences, and exhibited more effective coping strategies than those who decided to leave the field. Two international studies were identified which focused on the motivating factors of individuals initially pursuing careers as general educators (Barmby, 2006; Watt Richardson, 2007). Based upon a study conducted in England and Wales, Barmby identified intrinsic (e.g., the activity of teaching children) and altruistic (e.g., desire to help children succeed) reasons which contributed to the teachers decision to pursue careers within the field of education. Similar findings (e.g., working with children, shape future ofShow MoreRelatedPersonal Statement : Special Education855 Words   |  4 Pagescollege, to pursue the knowledge needed for their career, their passion leads them to special education. These teachers fine this career to be job satisfying, have empathy for the children, and the vacancy of the position viability. Not all teacher feel the same however, over time their dissatisfied with their job and leave because their brunt out. One of the reason people chose a career in special education is job satisfaction. Special education teacher perceived their job to be rewarding. TheyRead MoreCareer Goals : Career Choice3343 Words   |  14 PagesSince young, many people have known what career path they would like to follow. Some knew they wanted to be a lawyer, a firefighter, a doctor and began their journey towards making their career dream true by taking the necessary courses, passing their examinations, and did what was required to enter the field of their choosing. Some are unsure of the career path they would like to follow and opinions of others on what they should do can lead to a road of uncertainty and confusion. Lastly, for variousRead MoreWeb Learning : What Motivates Online Learning2705 Words   |  11 Pages Stephanie McAllum University of Wisconsin at Milwaukee Online Learning: What Motivates Online Learning Introduction Distance learning can be traced back at least two centuries, although there has been a momentous change in the way the education has been transmitted to the learner. The earliest form of distance learning noted was through the postal service, which has today evolved to an assortment of instruments accessible via the internet. Online learning has been noted to have its earliestRead MoreFactors That Affect the Academic Performance of the Student Using Computer11401 Words   |  46 PagesTennessee argues persuasively that the single most dominant factor affecting student academic gain is teacher effect.1  However, little statistical research is available for evaluating which type of training and teaching degree has the best effect on student achievement. As the demand for higher academic achievement and accountability in public education grows, it is important to determine whether teachers who hold advanced degrees in education as a general field are more effective than those who haveRead MoreFactors Affecting the Low Performance in National Achievement Test of Grade 6 Pupils6433 Words   |  26 Pages | |However, to achieve this objective, teachers of mathematics need not only to be good mathematicians but must also possess good | |pedagogical skills as well because teaching this subject is a special task and not like many of the other subjects in the school | |curriculum. | | Read MoreEssay on Importance of Motivation in Rention6498 Words   |  26 PagesExecutive Summary Employees are the most important factor in the success and failure of any organization. In service industry, employees are in direct contact with the customer, hence they should be motivated. Firstly, this paper focuses on importance of employee motivation on Staff retention, by studying the concepts of staff retention, employee turnover and employee motivation. Further discussing about the major motivational theories, followed by the factors which help to increase motivation and backedRead MoreEntrepreneurial Spirit Among East Asian Chinese9960 Words   |  40 PagesHong . Executive Summary This research showed that entrepreneurial spirit among East Asian Chinese youths is predicted by personality characteristics such as risk-taking propensity, persistence, and internal locus of control, as well as by motivational factors such as love for money and desire for security. Generally, these characteristics are not prevalent in an East Asian culture. The underlying predictors, however, differed for Hong Kong and Singapore. Risk taking was a common predictor for bothRead MoreFedex Case Study8797 Words   |  36 Pagesbuilding long-lasting relationships with their employees and this has in-turn helped them achieve their end goal of higher profits. All the HR practices put in place are meant to strengthen relationships with employees and to also help in building their careers. (FedEx 2012) Part 1. IHRM Concepts, theories and models 1.1) IHRM CONCEPTS In IHRM there are many concepts that have to be greatly considered and when we focus on the expatriates they have to undergo some training before movingRead MorePest Analysis of Cambodia22548 Words   |  91 PagesUniversities Team Members: KWOK Kian-Woon, CHAN Sopheap, HENG Chinda, KIM Sedara, NETH Baromey and THON Vimealea Research Assistants: Kelvin CHIA, CHHOENG Sotheavan and NHEM Sochea Scoping Study: Research Capacities of Cambodia’s Universities* Special Report Team Members: KWOK Kian-Woon, CHAN Sopheap, HENG Chinda, KIM Sedara, NETH Baromey and THON Vimealea Research Assistants: Kelvin CHIA, CHHOENG Sotheavan and NHEM Sochea The Development Research Forum in Cambodia Phnom Penh, August 2010 Read MoreCareer Choice Factors of High School Students18925 Words   |  76 PagesCareer Choice Factors 1 CAREER CHOICE FACTORS OF HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS By Michael Borchert A Research Paper Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Master of Science Degree With a Major in Career and Technical Education Approved: 2 Semester Credits ____________________________________________________ Investigation Advisor The Graduate College University of Wisconsin-Stout December, 2002 Career Choice Factors 2 The Graduate School University of Wisconsin-Stout Menomonie,

In Defense of Pit Bulls Free Essays

Kylie Colyer In Defense of Pit bulls Pit bulls are among the most misunderstood and maligned (badmouthed) breed of dogs. Over the years, the media has been portraying them in a negative light. This kind of portrayal has largely been due to the misconceptions and myths associated with pit bulls. We will write a custom essay sample on In Defense of Pit Bulls or any similar topic only for you Order Now Prior to this negative depiction of pit bulls, they were considered the â€Å"perfect nanny dog† by children (Holland). They were seen as friendly in nature, stable, loyal as well as non-aggressive to children and adults. However, this has since changed, especially after 1990s when the media inappropriately started portraying pit bulls as bloodthirsty monsters that are more dangerous and harmful compared to other dog breeds (Coile). As a result of this false portrayal, parents and children have become increasingly afraid of them. They recoil in horror upon spotting one of them. Some pull their children closer with the intention of protecting them from what they assume are prowling werewolves (Lam). As this paper will demonstrate, this should not be the case. It will argue in defense of pit bulls by showing that they are still the loyal, stable, non-aggressive and friendly breeds of dog. Those against pit bulls and portraying them in bad light argue that they have features that make them inherently dangerous and vicious. For example, some people state that pit bull breeds have locking jaws. They also say that they are overly aggressive towards human beings. It is also their view that pit bulls are dangerous to adopt, especially if one has no known history and parentage from a shelter or rescue is not known (Dickey). There is also a widespread myth that pit bulls are preferred by people with irresponsible breeding habits; effectively stating that pit bulls attract the most irresponsible and worst form of dog owners (Marrs). All these perceptions and myths have only served to bad-mouth pit bulls and to make them unattractive to the majority of people in our society. They have also led to high rates of abandonment, torture and abuse of this breed of dogs compared to any other breeds (Landau). The negative portrayal of pit bulls is also as a result of some people using them as fighting dogs. They gained this bad reputation as early as 1066 AD during the England’s Norman Conquest when they would be used as â€Å"bullenbeissers†, a term which means â€Å"bull biter† (Coile). During this time, they were trained to latch onto the nose of bulls and also how not to let go of an animal until it is subdued. The use of pit bulls was considered as the only way through which human beings would regain control after bulls have become agitated. Following the ban of bull-baiting in the 19th century, the popularity of dog fighting increased, especially among those who were involved in the quasi-illegal activities and underground businesses in the United Kingdom (Landau). The British immigrants to the United States brought this game into the country, and they too utilized pit bulls for this purpose. It is for this reason that pit bulls have continued bad reputation over the years. However, what is rarely mentioned is the fact that they were used as fighting dogs due to their extreme loyalty to their human owners (Lam). While the perceptions and myths above about pit bulls may appear to be valid, facts and scientific evidence provide otherwise. According to a study conducted by the American Veterinary Medicine Association, there is no evidence showing that pit bulls are disproportionately dangerous (Holland). It has also been established that this breed of dog does not have locking jaws; they do not have special enzymes or mechanism allowing them to lock jaws. A comparison of their skulls to that of other breeds of dogs shows that they share general bone structure and have similar characteristics. It is their determination that when biting down on something and not easily releasing makes them appear like they have locking jaws (Coile). The misconception that pit bulls are inherently vicious can also be refuted using facts. It should first be noted that this myth is a stereotype that is simply aimed at the entire breed (Landau). When evaluated on own merit rather than the breed, one can easily find out that a pit bull is truly a good dog that is inherently friendly to humans and other dogs. The argument that pit bulls are aggressive towards humans and other dogs is unfounded (Marrs). Perhaps the way pit bulls are raised or trained make them an aggressive breed.The myths and misconceptions associated with pit bulls have created an impression that their adoption is dangerous, especially if they have unknown parentage and history. This myth is inappropriate because it fails to acknowledge that, just like humans, each dog ought to be judged by their own behavior and personality (Marrs). It also fails to recognize that pit bulls that are portraying negative behaviors and personalities are not doing so because of their nature but because of other factors. These factors include having been horribly neglected and abused in the past or having been forced to fight (Landau). Pit bulls that have been rescued and raised properly tend to show proper temperament and behavior towards human beings. This explanation helps to address the other false portrayal about pit bulls that adopting a pit bull puppy is better than an adult one. Regardless of whether someone adopts a puppy or an adult one, the most important thing is how one treats a pit bull. One should nurture it in such a manner that enables it to develop desirable and positive traits (Dickey). From the above discussion, it is evident that pit bulls are loyal, stable, non-aggressive and friendly breeds of dogs. As has been noted, the myths and misconceptions that have been kept alive over the years regarding pit bulls and which have portrayed them in bad light are unfounded. There is no scientific evidence to show that those myths are actually natural to pit bulls. In fact, some of the reasons why pit bulls gained bad reputation such as being used as fighting dogs are anchored on their positive trait of being loyal to human owners. Therefore, these are the traits that should be portrayed and not some myths about them, It is also clear that humans have a role in making sure that pit bulls are being treated like other breeds of dogs so that they develop traits and personalities that are desirable and which can help them to sustain their loyal, stable, non-aggressive and friendly nature. Works Cited Coile, D C. Pit Bulls for Dummies. New York, NY: Hungry Minds, 2011. Dickey, Bronwen. Pit Bull: The Battle Over an American Icon. NY: A.A. Knopf, 2016. Holland, Joshua. In Defense of the Pit Bull.† 02 May, 2013, Salon TV. https://www.salon.com/2013/02/05/in_defense_of_the_pitbull_partner/ Accessed 23 Mar, 2018. Lam, Stephanie. Pit Bulls. Hauppage, N.Y: Barron’s, 2012. Landau, Elaine. Pit Bulls Are the Best!Minneapolis: Lerner Publications Co, 2011. Marrs, Megan. â€Å"In Defense of Pit Bulls: Monsters or Misunderstood [Infographic].† 2018, Lifehack. ; https://www.lifehack.org/302240/defense-pit-bulls-monsters-misunderstood-infographic; Accessed 23 Mar, 2018. How to cite In Defense of Pit Bulls, Papers

Our Solar System, The Sun And Its Planets Has Not Always Been There. Essay Example For Students

Our Solar System, The Sun And Its Planets Has Not Always Been There. Essay Our Solar system, the sun and its planets has not always been there. It is nearly five billion years ago, and there is no solar system, no planets,moons, no sun. Instead there is a big cloud of dust and gas called a nebula. Thiscloud has been slowly twisting for more than 10 billion years, held togetherby its own gravity. Then a star explodesWOW!! its a super nova. Theblast pushes the gases of our nebula together. That strengthens the gravitationalpull of those gases even more and they begin to come together still more. The whole cloud begins to get smaller and as it does so, it swirls faster and faster,and grows smaller and smaller. Ok, dudes and dudettes, lets take a closer look at our nebula. The cloud, scientists think started our solar system.The material of this nebula was more than 99% hydrogen and helium. These elements were formed at the very beginning of the universe. Heavier elements made up the rest. These heavier elements had formed during the lives and violent death of stars that were much larger than our own sun. These explosions spread the heavier elements through space. As the nebula shrank, most of the material fell to the center and gathered into a huge big ass ball of gas!! At the center of this ball, matter became very hot and tightly packed. In this test of heat and pressure hydrogen atoms smashed and combined with each other to form helium. This process is called nuclear fusion. The fusion released huge amounts of energy and as this energy spread to the outer layers of the ball, it began to glow. Thus,creating what is in the present day the sun!!Away from the center of the cloud, the dust a nd gas were thinner. This materialcollected into a ball of hot gases. As the gases cooled tiny things began to form. Near the center only rocky elements could become solid particles. Farther fromthe sun icy things could form from the cooling gas. These particles began tocollide and strike each other, which in turns forms larger clumps. Some clumpsgrew more quickly than others and thier increased mass gave them greater gravityallowing them to gather more stuff and grow even more quickly. The rocky planetsMercury, Venus, Earth, and Mars formed where temperatures were high. The gas giants formed farther away from the heat of the sun. Meanwhile the energy created at the center of the sun was beginning to reachthe surface of the star and radiate into space along with a gust of energetic particles. This radiation and solar wind began to push out the remaining bad house guestsof the nebula, sweeping the solar system clean.